TRI-OLOGY, Vol. 33, No. 4
Nancy C. Coile, Ph. D., Managing Editor
July-August 1994
Wayne N. Dixon, Ph. D., Editor
| Botany Section | Entomology Section | Nematology Section | Plant Pathology Section |
BOTANY SECTION
Compiled by Carlos R. Artaud
For this period, 1,341 specimens were submitted for identification and/or name verification. Added to the herbarium collection during this period were 17 mounted specimens (total of 7,079).
Aristolochia littoralis Parodi, Aristolochiaceae, calico flower: Vigorous glaucous* liane. Leaves cordate to reniform, apex obtuse, basally cordate, to 9 cm long and 10 cm broad, green above, gray-green beneath, heavily glaucous; pseudostipules auriculate, clasping. Flowers serve as a flytrap and attract flies by scent and color. Flowers solitary, axillary, no petals. Calyx with a fantastic shape (similar to the Dutchman's pipe), tube bent, 3 cm long; limb 1-lobed, orbicular, abruptly spreading from tube, 10 cm across; green-yellow and deep black-purple. Fruit an utricle* subcylindric, 3-5 cm long. Native to Brazil, naturalized in Central America and southern USA. Lake County (B94-387, D. Westervelt). (Huxley 1992, Bailey Hortorium 1976 uses C. elegans).
Blighia sapida K. König, Sapindaceae, akee, ackee: Tree to 22 m tall. Leaves alternate, pinnate; leaflets 6-10, opposite or subopposite, elliptical to oblong-obovate, shortly acuminate, 6-18 cm long, up to 7 cm broad. Inflorescences of simple or compound pendulous racemes; flowers fragrant; calyx 5-6-parted, light green; petals cream-colored, about 4.5 mm long. Ripe fruit pear-shaped, red or yellow-tinged red, splitting into 3 parts, each with 1 shining seed having a white, fleshy aril* at base. The arils are edible when fresh and ripe. CAUTION: the pink raphe* attaching the aril to the seed and the arils of unripe or fallen fruit contain the poisonus compound hypoglycin which causes hypoglycemia. Native to West Africa. Cultivated and naturalized widely in tropics and subtropics including Florida. Polk County (B94-366, G. Simpson). (Adams 1972; Huxley 1992).
Clerodendrum speciosissimum Van Geert ex Morr., Verbenaceae, a glory bower: Erect shrub to 4 m tall. Stem tetragonal. Leaves of all species of Clerodendrum are foul-scented when crushed (especially C. bungei). Leaves opposite, to 30 cm long and 25 cm broad, broadly ovate, acute or acuminate, base cordate, densely pubescent, deep green. Cymes arranged in an erect panicle to 45 cm long; peduncle to 6 cm; pedicels to 16 mm long; calyx to 10 mm long; corolla usually bright scarlet, to 5 cm in diameter, tube to 3.5 cm long, lobes to 2.5 cm wide. Fruit suborbicular, to 12 mm wide, dark blue. An extremely handsome specimen shrub grown widely in tropics and subtropics. Native to Java. Pasco County (B94-367, H. Smith). (Huxley 1992).
Eucalyptus citriodora Hook., Myrtaceae, lemon-scented gum: Tree 25-50 m tall, trunk solitary, straight; crown widely spreading, fairly sparse. Many Eucalpytus species have juvenile leaves that differ from the leaves of the adult plant. Juvenile leaves alternate, 4-13 cm long and 1.5-2.5 cm broad, narrow to broadly lanceolate, often peltate, prominently stalked, coarsely hairy, often purplish beneath, margins undulate; mature leaves alternate, 10-18 cm long and 1.2-2.5 cm broad, narrow-lanceolate, sometimes falcate, prominently stalked, dark green on both surfaces, venation obscure. Inflorescence of 3-5 flowered umbels arranged in terminal corymbs on peduncles 2-3 cm long; buds ovoid, cap hemispherical, prominently mucronate; flowers about 2 cm across, white. Capsules 1-1.2 cm long, and 1 cm across, ovoid, valves deeply sunken. Trees are cut for their timber which is brown, hard, and very tough, but works easily. The strong lemon fragrance in the leaves is caused by the essential oil citronellal. Citronellal is the chief constitutent of citronella oil and is distilled from leaves to make perfumes and menthol. Native to Queensland, Australia. Dade County (B94-339, H. Talleyrand, Y. Inguanzo). (Elliot and Jones 1986).
Harpullia arborea (Blanco) Radlk., Sapindaceae, puas tree: Tree to 33 m tall. Leaves pinnate, leaflets 6-11, to 20 cm long and 9 cm broad, elliptic-oblong or obovate, acute to obtuse, margins entire. Flowers actinomorphic*; calyx 5-merous, sepals free, to 7 mm long; petals 5, obovate-oblong, clawed, to 13 mm long, yellow-green, often with red margins. Fruit stipitate, a 2-3 lobed capsule, erect to spreading, inflated, orange-yellow to red. Two seeds per chamber, black, mahogany brown, or dark purple, with an orange aril. Flowers throughout the year. A beautiful shade and ornamental tree with a dense, conical crown. It will tolerate a few degrees of frost. Native to Indomalaya, and Philippine Islands. Dade County (B94-383, H. von Wald, G. DeChirico). (Huxley 1992; Graft 1978).
Jasminum officinale L. `Affine', Oleaceae, large-flowered poet's jasmine, large-flowered true jasmine: Deciduous shrub to 10 m tall. Shoots slender, green, square, growing 1.5 m in a season. Leaves opposite, imparipinnate; leaflets 5-9, 1-6 cm long, elliptic, acuminate, sessile except for the long-stalked terminal leaflet, margins minutely downy. Flowers to 5 per cyme, cymes clustered terminally, highly fragrant; calyx lobes 5, narrow-linear, 5-15 mm long; corolla white with pink exterior, 2 cm across, limb 5-lobed. This cultivar has larger, more profuse flowers than the ordinary poet's jasmine. Flowers contain an essential oil used in perfumery. Native to Asia Minor, Himalaya, and China. Monroe County (B94-375, L. Howerton, H. von Wald) (Huxley 1992; Bailey Hortorium 1976).
Micromeria brownei (Sw.) Benth., Labiatae, West Indian thyme: Perennial herb with slender sprawling or diffusely erect-spreading stems, to about 4 dm long. Leaves opposite, to 2.5 cm long and 2 cm broad; blades suborbicular to broadly ovate, margins obscurely crenate. Flowers axillary; pedicels filiform, to 1.5 cm long; calyx 4-5 mm long, somewhat villous in the throat, lobes 5, subequal, ovate-deltoid, 1-1.5 mm long, those of the upper lip abruptly acute or even acuminate; corolla 2-lipped, 7-8 mm long, pink to lavender-pink or whitish, the tube much dilated. Stamens 4, more or less exerted. Mainly in and about sinks and waterholes, on periodically flooded rock flats, and in palmetto flats; blooms throughout the year. Natural range from south Florida to the Greater Antilles, tropical Central and South America. [Note: Godfrey and Wooten (1981) state M. brownei var. pilosiuscula Gray is distributed from central Florida north to southwestern GA and west to southern TX, Mexico and Guatamala.] Dade County (B94-396, L. Howerton). (Correll and Correll 1982 use Satureja brownei).
Pereskia grandifolia Haw., Cactaceae, rose cactus: Shrub or small tree to 10 m tall, trunk very spiny, to 20 cm in diameter. Unlike most cacti, Pereskia species have persistent leaves and also have spines (modified leaves); however, they lack glochids* . Pereskia grandiflora has one leaf below each areole*, and (uniquely) some leaves are among the spines within the areole. Leaves ovate or obovate-lanceolate; usually 9-23 cm long and 4-6 cm broad, rather thin, venation pinnate. Spines 0-8, 1-4 cm long, brown-black, straight, slender. Flowers few to many, diurnal, 3-7 cm in diameter; the floral cup and fruit combine into a fleshy structure with an inferior ovary; perianth pink to purple-pink. Fruit pear-shaped, irregularly angled, to 10 cm long, and to 7 cm in diameter, fleshy. Oddly, the fruit will have floral areoles which are bracteate and short woolly hairs; usually the bracts fall before the fruit is mature. Often cultivated under the name P. bleo, widely in cultivation in tropical countries. Native to Brazil. Orange County (B94-317, J. Sims). (Bailey Hortorium 1976; Benson 1982; Huxley 1992).
Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex HBK, Bignoniaceae, yellowbells, yellow elder: Shrub or small tree to 7 m tall. Extrafloral nectaries. Leaves imparipinnate; leaflets 2.4-15 cm long, and 0.8-6 cm broad, terminal leaflet 0.4-2 cm long, lanceolate, apex acute, base cuneate, margins serrate, scaly above and beneath. Flowers in terminal panicles; calyx to 7 mm long, cupular, 5-dentate, glandular ciliate; corolla to 5.8 cm long, and 2.4 cm across at mouth, bright yellow, mouth and upper lobes lined red, lenticellate. Fruit long and thin, to 19 cm long. Grown in shrub borders and as specimen in tropical and subtropical gardens, valuable as a screening plant because of its dense growth. National flower of the Bahamas. Native to Florida and Mexico, south to South America. Hillsborough County (B94-330, C. Kamelhair) ( Correll and Correll 1982; Huxley 1992).
Tetragonia tetragonioides (Pallas) Kuntze, Aizoaceae, New Zealand spinach: Herb, stems decumbent, branching, soft-woody toward base, up to 6 dm long. Leaves ovate-rhombic to triangular, obtuse to subacute, margins entire to slightly sinuate or shallowly lobed, papillose. Flowers axillary, 1-2 together, sessile or subsessile, 0.6 cm across, yellowish, sometimes unisexual; stamens 10-20. Fruit to 6 mm long, turbinate, angled, with 2-4 horns. Cultivated as a vegetable, the apical 7-10 cm of the branches are cooked like spinach. Unlike true spinach, New Zealand spinach does well in hot weather. Native to Japan, Pacific Islands, Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand, and South America. Citrus County (B94-399, R. Dudley). (Bailey Hortorium 1976).
GLOSSARY: actinomorphic: having flowers radially symmetrical; areole: in the cacti, small spine-bearing areas at the stem nodes; aril: a fleshy and (often) colored outer covering of a seed; glaucous: covered with a fine whitish or silvery bloom which is easily rubbed off, e.g., blueberries; glochid: a small barbed hair or bristle; raphe: the part of the seed stalk which become permanently attached to the ovule or seed; utricle: a more or less inflated, membranous, bladder-like envelope surrounding some fruits.
REFERENCES
- Adams, C. D. 1972. Flowering plants of Jamaica. Robert MacLehose and Company Ltd. The University Press, Glasgow, Great Britain. 848 p.
- L.H. Bailey Hortorium Staff. 1976. Hortus third, a concise dictionary of plants cultivated in the United States and Canada. Macmillan Publishing Company, New York. 1,290 p.
- Benson, Lyman. 1982. The cacti of the United States and Canada. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA. 1,044 p.
- Correll, D. S. and H. B. Correll. 1982. Flora of the Bahama Archipelago. J. Cramer, Hirschberg, Germany. 1,692 p.
- Elliot, W. R. and D. L. Jones. 1986. Encyclopedia of Australian plants suitable for cultivation. Lothian Publishing Company Pty. Ltd. Melbourne-Sidney-Ackland, Australia. 4: 54-56.
- Godfrey, R. K. and J. W. Wooten. 1981. Aquatic and wetland plants of southeastern United States. Dicotyledons. University of Georgia Press, Athens. 933 p.
- Graft, A. B. 1978. Tropica, color cyclopedia of exotic plants and trees from the tropics and subtropics. Roehers Company, New Jersey. 1,120 p.
- Huxley, A. J. (ed.) 1992. New Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. 4 vols. MacMillan Press, London. 3,240 p.
ENTOMOLOGY SECTION
Compiled by Frank W. Mead, Ph.D
For the month of July there were 1,080 samples consisting of 8,730+ specimens. In August there were 1,182 samples and 14,922+ specimens.
ORNAMENTALS, WOODY PLANTS AND PALMS: Chrysalidocarpus lutescens (areca palm)-- Ceroplastes rusci (L.), fig wax scale: Adults collected in Homestead, Dade County (12 July 94, C. Lichkai). NEW DPI HOST RECORD.
Cocos nucifera (coconut palm)-- Homaledra sp., palm leaf skeletonizer: Larvae moderately feeding on leaves of 50% of 300 nursery plants examined in Dania, Broward County (13 July 94, R. Carpenter).
Neodypsis lastelliana (teddy bear palm)-- Eucalymnatus tessellatus (Signoret), tessellated scale, and Hemiberlesia palmae (Ckll.), tropical palm scale: Collected in small numbers on the bark of a nursery plant in Ft. Lauderdale, Broward County (11 August 94, R. Carpenter & D. Clinton). NEW DPI HOST RECORD FOR EACH SCALE.
Nolina (=Beaucarnea) recurvata (ponytail)-- Opuntiaspis carinata (Ckll.), carinate scale: All stages moderately infested all 26 plants inspected in a nursery in Hollywood, Broward County (13 July 94, B. Coy).
Ficus elastica (rubber tree)-- Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner), nigra scale: All stages moderately infested all 5000 plants inspected in a nursery in Plymouth, Orange County (27 June 94, L. Wilber).
Ligustrum lucidum `Recurvifolium' (glossy privet)-- Morganella longispina (M.), plumose scale: All stages heavily infested all 700 plants examined in a nursery in Boynton Beach, Palm Beach County (22 July 94, E. Tannehill).
Mimosa pudica (sensitive plant)-- Echinothrips americanus Morgan, a thrips: Adults heavily infested 50% of 300 plants inspected in a nursery in Brooksville, Hernando County (28 July 94, R. Dudley).
Rhododendron sp. (azalea)-- Stephanitis pyrioides (Scott), azalea lace bug: All stages heavily infested all 20 plants examined in a nursery in Naples, Collier County (12 July 94, M. Brodie). NEW DPI COUNTY RECORD.
Unknown tree-fern-- Callopisstria floridensis Gn., Florida fern caterpillar moth: Adults heavily infested 97% of 400 plants inspected in a nursery in Ft. Lauderdale, Broward County (12 July 94, R. Carpenter).
ORNAMENTALS, FOLIAGE PLANTS: ? Bambusa (bamboo)-- Asterolecanium bambusae (Boisduval), bamboo pit scale: Adults heavily covered bamboo in a conservatory nursery in Kissimmee, Osceola County (28 July 94, B. Wilder).
Bowenia serrulata (a cycad)-- Saissetia coffeae (Walker), hemispherical scale: All stages moderately infested 80% of 100 plants examined in a tropical garden in Miami, Dade County (24 August 94, G. DeChirico).
Codiaeum variegatum var. pictum (croton)-- Philephedra tuberculosa Nakahara & Gill, a soft scale: All stages moderately infested 70-80% of 2000 nursery plants in Brandon, Hillsborough County (2 August 94, J. Felty); all stages heavily infested 70% of 12 nursery plants in Ft. Lauderdale, Broward County (18 August 94, R. Carpenter).
ORNAMENTALS, FLOWERING PLANTS: Evolvulus glomeratus `Blue Daze' (blue daze)-- Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targ.-Tozz.), white peach scale: all stages lightly infested 1 plant in Broward County (13 July 94, B. Coy). NEW DPI HOST RECORD.
Evolvulus tenuis (West Indian evolvulus)-- Asterolecanium sp., a pit scale: Adults lightly infested stems of a plant in a research plot in Davie, Broward County (4 July 94, B. Coy). NEW DPI HOST RECORD.
Pentas lanceolata `Lavender Delight' (pentas or starflower)-- Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), western flower thrips: Adults moderately infested 75% of 7000 plants examined in a nursery in Boynton Beach, Palm Beach County (13 June 94, E. Tannehill).
Pseuderanthemum sp. (shooting star)-- Ceroplastes cirripediformis Comstock, barnacle scale: All stages heavily infested all 100 nursery plants inspected in Pembroke Park, Broward County (14 July 94, K. Vanyo).
FOOD OR CROP PLANTS: Brassica oleracea (kale)-- Popillia japonica Newman, Japanese beetle: One adult was found in bottom of box of organic shipment from North Carolina to Clearwater, Pinellas County, on 14 July 94, and four adults were found alive in another box of organic shipment on 4 August 1994 (L. Lanza).
Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)-- Trialeurodes abutilonea (Haldeman), bandedwinged whitefly: The predominate whitefly, causing a problem in many fields in far west panhandle as well as the cotton in Calhoun, Jackson and Gadsden counties. However, in the Suwannee, Columbia County area, fields were infested with either Bemisia argentifilii Bellows & Perring, silverleaf whitefly, or a mixed population of the silverleaf and the bandedwing whitefly. In some fields, leaves had several hundred immatures feeding on the lower surface. Sooty mold was common under these conditions (R. K. Sprenkel, IFAS).
Ocimum basilicum (basil)-- Chirothrips spiniceps Hood, a thrips: An adult was collected from a hydroponic plant in Ft. Lauderdale, Broward County (11 July 94, B. Coy). NEW DPI HOST RECORD.
Passiflora edulis (passion fruit)-- Frankliniella bispinosa (Morgan), a thrips, and Franklinella cephalica (Crawford), a thrips: Moderately infested the blooms of 90% of 50 plants inspected in Thonotosassa, Hillsborough County (22 June 94, C. Murphy).
Psidium cattleianum (=P. littorale) (cattley guava or strawberry guava)-- Diaprepes abbreviatus (L.), diaprepes weevil (= sugar cane rootstalk borer, or Apopka weevil): Adults moderately infested 100% of 50 nursery plants examined at Naples, Collier County (18 August 94, M. Brodie, R. Buchholz).
CITRUS: Citrus X paradisi (grapefruit)-- Diaprepes abbreviatus, diaprepes weevil (= sugar cane rootstalk borer, or Apopka weevil): Adults heavily infested 20 acres of citrus grove in Vero Beach, Indian River County (22 June 94, R. Smith).
Citrus sp. (citrus)-- Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton, citrus leafminer: Larvae and leaf mines collected at Brownsville, Texas (25 August 94, J. V. French) (Det. J. B. Heppner). NEW STATE RECORD FOR TEXAS.
WEEDS AND GRASSES: Ambrosia artemisiifolia (ragweed)-- Reuteroscopus ornatus (Reuter), ornate plant bug: Adults were on leaves and stems of plants in Groveland, Lake County (25 August 94, S. Beidler). NEW DPI COUNTY RECORD.
Paspalum notatum (bahia grass)-- Meibomeus apicicornis (Pic), a seed beetle: An adult collected in the Ocala National Forest, near Parsley, Lake County (22 July 94, C. Murphy) (Det. J. Kingsolver). NEW UNITED STATES RECORD.
NATIVE OR NATURALIZED PLANTS: Bursera simaruba (gumbo limbo)-- Aphis spiraecola Patch, spirea aphid: Nymphs and adults moderately infested 35% of 100 nursery plants in Fort Lauderdale (22 July 94, R. Carpenter); Retithrips syriacus (Mayet), a thrips: All stages lightly infested all 50 plants examined in Dania, Broward County (11 July 94, B. Coy). NEW DPI HOST RECORD.
Chionanthus virginicus (fringe tree or grand-sir graybeard)-- Leptoypha mutica (Say), fringe tree lace bug: Nymphs and adults moderately infested all 10 plants examined in Seagrove Beach, Walton County (29 June 94, L. Smith and H. Collins). NEW DPI COUNTY RECORD.
Canella winterana (cinnamon-bark, wild cinnamon; a Florida endangered species)-- Philephedra tuberculosa Nakahara & Gill, a soft scale: All stages very heavily infested a plant on North Key Largo, Monroe County (13 July 94, L. Howerton). NEW DPI HOST RECORD.
Coccoloba diversifolia (pigeon plum)-- Aphis nasturtii Kaltenbach, buckthorn aphid: Nymphs and adults heavily infested leaves and stems of a plant on North Key Largo, Monroe County (13 July 94, L. D. Howerton).
Gaura angustifolia (gaura)-- Hemiberlesia lataniae (Signoret), latania scale: Adults collected from stems in a county park in Ponce Inlet, Volusia County (27 June 94, T. Wright & L. J. Chambliss). NEW DPI HOST RECORD.
Penstemon multiflorus (white pentstemon)-- Micrutalis calva (Say), a treehopper: An adult was collected in a park near Bushnell, Sumter County (24 June 94, S. Beidler). NEW DPI COUNTY RECORD.
Rhus copallina (winged sumac)-- Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock, Florida wax scale: Lightly infested a plant in a woods in Groveland, Lake County (25 August 94, S. Beidler). NEW DPI HOST RECORD.
Sideroxylum (=Mastichodendron) foestidissimum (mastic)-- Ceropsylla sideroxyli Riley, false mastic psylla: Nymphs heavily infested leaves of a tree in Ft. Lauderdale, Broward County (27 June 94, S. Shea).
FEDERAL-STATE PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS: Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)-- Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman, boll weevil: The Boll Weevil Eradication Program through August 18, 1994 involved 75,000 acres in Florida; 4,302 acres were treated for weevils, primarily in Calhoun and southern Jackson counties, where there were several pinhead square applications (R. K. Sprenkel).
Quercus spp. (oaks)-- Lymantria dispar (L.), gypsy moth: Adult males were trapped in the following counties during July and August 1994: Hillsborough, Lake, Osceola, Pasco, Sumter, and Volusia (R. Longtin, R. Quillin, M. Tagliarino, & T. Wright).
INSECT DETECTION: Unidentified trees-- Ithycerus novaboracensis (Forster), New York weevil: An adult was found under a burlap band placed around tree in Greenwood, Jackson County (30 March 94, W. N. Dixon) (Det. M. C. Thomas). NEW STATE RECORD.
--Merinus laevis (Olivier), a tenebrionid beetle: Collected at above site and time (W. N. Dixon) (Det. M. C. Thomas). NEW STATE RECORD. An adult was collected under a burlap band placed around a tree near Jasper, Hamilton County (30 March 94, W. N. Dixon). NEW COUNTY RECORD.
Roadside weeds and grasses-- Alydus pilosulus (H.-S.), a broadheaded bug: 42 adults collected in 15 minutes of sweeping 3 miles south of Keystone Heights, Bradford County (13 May 94, F. W. Mead). NEW DPI COUNTY RECORD. Also collected were:
--Draeculacephala septemguttata (Wlk.), a sharpshooter leafhopper: Eight adults. NEW DPI COUNTY RECORD.
--Euschistus quadrator Rolston, a stink bug: Six adults (Det. J. E. Eger, Research Associate, FSCA). NEW DPI COUNTY RECORD. SECOND COLLECTION IN FLORIDA.
--Flexamia producta (Wlk.), a leafhopper: One adult male. NEW DPI COUNTY RECORD.
--Hymenarchys nervosa (Say), a stink bug: Six adults and nymphs (Det. J. E. Eger). NEW DPI COUNTY RECORD.
--Mormidea lugens (F.), a stink bug: Three adults. NEW DPI COUNTY RECORD.
--Prosapia bicincta (Say), twolined spittlebug: Seven adults. NEW DPI COUNTY RECORD.
| Botany Section | Entomology Section | Nematology Section | Plant Pathology Section | Back to Top |
NEMATOLOGY SECTION
Compiled by Robert P. Esser, Ph.D.
A total of 2,336 samples were processed in July and August. Details are shown below:
Certification and Regulatory Samples: Other Samples:
Multistate Certification Identification for National and (Invertebrate) 1
International Export. . . . . . . . 883 Plant Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
California Certification. . . . . . . 387 Out of State Survey, via
Premovement . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 Florida Interceptions . . . . . . 5
Site or Pit Approval. . . . . . . . . 112 Intrastate Survey, Random . . . 260
Burrowing Nematode. . . . . . . . 518
Citrus sp.-- Xiphinema setariae Luc, 1958, a dagger nematode, detected in Highlands County (30 June 1994, J. Harris and B.H. Meadows, N94-00999). FIRST TIME IN SOIL ASSOCIATED WITH THIS PLANT SPECIES.
NEMATODE NOTE 125: Nematodes that kill insects occur naturally in plant nurseries (Rueda et al. 1993). To evaluate the occurrence of nematodes that biologically control insects in Tennessee plant nurseries, soils from 113 nursery sites were baited with insect larvae susceptible to parasitism by nematodes known to biologically control insects. Seventeen of the baited sites were found infested with Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, 1975 and Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser, 1955) Wounts, Mráek, Gerdin & Bedding, 1982), two biological control nematode agents sold commercially. It is very doubtful that the 17 sites had been previously treated with commercial populations of biological control nematode. Nematodes used in treating insect pests usually diminish following application and are difficult to recover. One can assume these were very likely endemic populations.
Reference: Rueda, L.M., S.O.Osawarus, L.L. Georgi, and L.L. Harrison. 1993. Natural occurrence of entomogenous nematodes in Tennessee nursery soils. Journal of Nematology 25: 181-188.
COLLECTORS SUBMITTING FIVE OR MORE SAMPLES THAT WERE PROCESSED FOR NEMATOLOGICAL ANALYSIS DURING JULY AND AUGUST 1994:
Bennett, J. 22 Johnson, C. 73
Brooks, L. 15 Meadows, B. 68
Fuller, S. 27 Nelson, C. 30
Gillis, H. 66 Robinson, R. 125
Harris, J. 259 Rust, T. 11
Lawrence, D. 151 Salisbury, T. 279
Inguanzo, Y. 254 Smith, W. 50
PLANT PLANTOLOGY SECTION
Compiled by John W. Miller, Ph. D.
For this period, the Plant Pathology Section received and processed 1,355 specimens. These included 1,255 general plant pathology, 40 miscellaneous, 30 soil, and 30 suspect canker samples.
ORNAMENTALS, WOODY PLANTS AND PALMS: Abutilon sp. (a flowering-maple)-- Pseudomonas cichorii (Swingle) Stapp, Xanthomonas sp., bacterial leaf spot, Colletotrichum sp., and Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl.:Fr., fungal leaf spot: Collected at a nursery in Deltona, Volusia County (27 July 1994, J. Beckwith, P94-3022). NEW HOST RECORDS.
Chamaedorea elegans (parlor palm)-- Myrothecium sp., leaf spot: Collected at a nursery in Plymouth, Orange County (19 July 1994, B. Harrison, P94-2870). NEW HOST RECORD.
Cocos nucifera (coconut palm)-- Fusarium proliferatum (Matsush.) Nirenberg, secondary fungus: Collected at a nursery in Palm Beach, Palm Beach County (15 August 1994, R. Mescher, P94-3289). NEW HOST RECORD.
Cornus foemina (swamp dogwood, a native species)-- Phyllosticta sp., leaf spot: Collected at a nursery in Tampa, Hillsborough County (08 August 1994, C. Kamelhair, P94-3170). NEW HOST RECORD.
Elaeagnus pungens (silverthorn)-- Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc., leaf spot: Collected at a nursery in Cape Canaveral, Brevard County (05 August 1994, M. Peacock, P94-3237). NEW HOST RECORD.
Lantana camara (lantana)-- Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) C. T. Wei, and Phoma sp., leaf spot: Collected at a nursery in Odessa, Pasco County (11 July 1994, C. Kamelhair, P94-2792). NEW HOST RECORDS.
Michelia champaca (champak)-- Alternaria sp., leaf spot: Collected at a nursery in Parrish, Manatee County (05 August 1994, M. Runnals, P94-3133). NEW HOST RECORD.
Pongamia pinnata (pongam or Indian-beech)-- Eutypella sp., stem canker: Collected at a nursery in Dania, Broward County (08 July 1994, B. Coy, P94-2751). NEW HOST RECORD.
Rhapis excelsa (lady palm)-- Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, fungus: Collected at a nursery in Naples, Collier County (21 July 1994, M. Brodie, P94-2896). NEW HOST RECORD.
Roystonea regia (Cuban royal palm)-- Phoma sp., leaf spot: Collected at a dooryard in Naples, Collier County (04 August 1994, M. Brodie, P94-3130). NEW HOST RECORD.
Syagrus romanzoffiana (queen palm)-- Fusarium semitectum Berk. and Ravenel, secondary fungus: Collected at a nursery in Cocoa, Brevard County (20 July 1994, M. Peacock, P94-2939). NEW HOST RECORDS.
ORNAMENTALS, FOLIAGE PLANTS: Aspidistra elatior (cast iron plant)-- Pestalotiopsis sp., secondary fungus, and Fusarium oxysporum, root rot: Collected at a nursery in Deland, Volusia County (29 June 94, J. Beckwith, P94-2656). NEW HOST RECORDS.
Billbergia sp. (a bromeliad)-- Pythium splendens Hans Braun, root rot: Collected at a dooryard in Vero Beach, Indian River County (18 August 1994, K. Dady, P94-3288). NEW HOST RECORD.
Pinguicula sp. (a butterwort)-- Rhizoctonia sp., stem and leaf blight: Collected at a nursery in Eustis, Lake County (03 August 1994, C. Murphy, P94-3115). NEW HOST RECORD.
Saxifraga stolonifera (strawberry-begonia)-- Colletotrichum sp., leaf spot: Collected at a nursery in Gainesville, Alachua County (18 August 1994, C. Baker, P94-3297). NEW HOST RECORD.
ORNAMENTALS, FLOWERING PLANTS: Alpinia sp. (a shell ginger)-- Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Phyllosticta sp., leaf spot: Collected at a nursery in Boynton Beach, Palm Beach County (04 August 1994, S. Cook, P94-3149). NEW HOST RECORDS.
Brugmansia X insignis (an angel's trumpet)-- Pseudocercospora sp., leaf spot: Collected at a nursery in Davie, Broward County (28 June 94, B. Coy, P94-2633). NEW HOST RECORD.
Steirodiscus (=Gamolepis) chrysanthemoides (a bush daisy)-- Fusarium semitectum, secondary fungus, and Bipolaris sp., leaf spot: Collected at a nursery in Parrish, Manatee County (05 August 1994, M. Runnals, P94-3137). NEW HOST RECORDS.
Nerium oleander `Dwarf', (dwarf oleander)-- Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, fungus: Collected at a nursery in St. Cloud, Osceola County (August 1994, A. Capitano, L. Felter, P94-3102). NEW HOST RECORD.
Pentas lanceolata (a pentas)-- Curvularia sp., leaf spot: Collected at a nursery in Pompano Beach, Broward County (28 July 1994, E. Manzo, P94-3021). NEW HOST RECORD.
Tibouchina sp. (a princess flower)-- Curvularia sp., leaf spot: Collected at a hardware store in Deland, Volusia County (29 June 94, J. Beckwith, P94-2657). NEW HOST RECORD.
Tibouchina sp. (a princess flower)-- Phytophthora sp., root rot: Collected at a nursery in Boynton Beach, Palm Beach County (13 June 94, E. Tannehill, P94-2512). NEW HOST RECORD.
FOREST AND SHADE TREES: Magnolia ashei (Ashe's magnolia, a Florida endangered species)-- Microsphaera alni (Wallr.) E. S. Salmon, powdery mildew: Collected at a dooryard in Gainesville, Alachua County (19 July 1994, J. McRitchie, P94-2821). NEW HOST RECORD.
Morus rubra (red mulberry, a native species)-- Pseudocercosporella sp., leaf spot: Collected at a dooryard in Gainesville, Alachua County (15 August 1994, T. Schubert, P94-3263).
Nyssa sylvatica (black tupelo or blackgum, a native species)-- Elsinoe sp., scab: Collected at a nursery in Deltona, Volusia County (19 August 1994, J. Beckwith, P94-3308). NEW HOST RECORD.
FOOD OR CROP PLANTS: Carica papaya (papaya)-- Corynespora cassiicola, leaf spot and stem lesions: Collected at a dooryard in Newberry, Alachua County (06 July 1994, E. Bjerregaard, P94-2661).
Ficus carica (edible fig)-- Pseudocercospora sp., leaf spot: Collected at a dooryard in Orange County (29 August 1994, T. Phillips, P94-3455). NEW HOST RECORD.
Mentha sp. (chocolate mint)-- Phoma sp., leaf spot: Collected at a dooryard in Sanford, Seminole County (10 July 1994, L. Wilber, P94-2743). NEW HOST RECORD.
Mentha sp. (mint)-- Curvularia sp. and Pestalotiopsis sp., leaf spot: Collected at a dooryard in Sanford, Seminole County (10 July 1994, L. Wilber, P94-2742). NEW HOST RECORDS.
Pisum sativum var. macrocarpon (snow pea)-- Pseudocercospora sp., leaf spot: Collected at a nursery in Leesburg, Lake County (23 August 1994, S. Beidler, P94-3372). NEW HOST RECORD.
Punica granatum (pomegranate)-- Harknessia sp. and Pestalotiopsis sp., secondary pathogens: Collected at a dooryard in Bushnell, Sumter County (24 June 94, J. Beidler, P94-2605). NEW HOST RECORDS.
WEEDS OR GRASSES: Mikania scandens (hemp-vine)-- Phaeotrichoconis sp., Phomopsis sp., Alternaria sp., Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium sp., and Pestalotiopsis sp., leaf spot: Collected at a dooryard in Merritt Island, Brevard County (27 July 1994, M. Peacock, P94-3052). NEW HOST RECORDS.
Rhynchelytrum repens (Natal grass)-- Pyricularia sp., leaf spot: Collected at a nursery in Cocoa, Brevard County (14 July 1994, M. Peacock, P94-2848). NEW HOST RECORD.
Urena lobata (caesar weed, or Congo jute)-- Dreschlera gigantea (Heald & F. A. Wolf) Kaz. Ito, leaf spot: Collected on the roadside in Bowling Green, Hardee County (19 July 1994, J. Bennett and Johnson, P94-2845). NEW HOST RECORD.
Urena lobata (caesar weed, or Congo jute)-- Dreschlera gigantea, leaf spot: Collected at a dooryard in Groveland, Lake County (25 August 1994, S. Beidler, P94-3413).
NATIVE OR NATURALIZED PLANTS: Cornus foemina (swamp dogwood)-- see Ornamentals, Woody Plants and Palms.
Dalea carthagenensis (a petalostemon)-- Tubakia sp., leaf spot: Collected at a dooryard in Bradenton, Manatee County (August 1994, M. Runnals, P94-3136). NEW HOST RECORD.
Lachnanthes caroliniana (bloodroot)-- Fusarium oxysporum, secondary fungus, Curvularia sp. and Pestalotiopsis sp., leaf spot: Collected at a dooryard in Tarpon Springs, Pinellas County (17 August 1994, L. Lanza, P94-3363). NEW HOST RECORDS.
Magnolia ashei (Ashe's magnolia)-- see Forest and Shade Trees.
Morus rubra (red mulberry)-- see Forest and Shade Trees.
Nyssa sylvatica (blackgum)-- see Forest and Shade Trees.
Rhizophora mangle (red mangrove)-- Selenophoma sp., leaf spot: Collected at a perserve in Macro Junction, Collier County (05 July 1994, M. Brodie, P94-2685).
Sarracenia purpurea (purple pitcher plant)-- Cylindrocladium parasiticum Crous, M.J.Wingf., & Alfenas, leaf and root rot: Collected at a nursery in Eustis, Lake County (03 August 1994, C. Murphy, P94-3114). NEW HOST RECORD.
Saururus cernuus (lizard's tail)-- Pestalotiopsis sp., secondary fungus: Collected at a nursery in Wauchula, Hardee County (08 July 1994, J. Bennett and Johnson, P94-2728). NEW HOST RECORD.
Sideroxylon tenax (=Bumelia tenax) (tough buckthorn)-- Phomopsis sp., Macrophoma sp., Sphaeropsis sp., and Pestalotiopsis sp., leaf spots: Collected in New Smyrna Beach, Volusia County (28 June 94, M. Peacock and T. Wright, P94-2630). NEW HOST RECORDS.
Stillingia sylvatica (queen's delight)-- Phomopsis sp., leaf spot: Collected at a skating rink in Titusville, Brevard County (15 July 1994, K. Garrett-Kraus and M. Peacock, P94-2852). NEW HOST RECORD.
Tephrosia chrysophylla (prostrate tephrosia)-- Mycoleptodiscus indicus (Sahni) B.Sutton, Exserohilum sp., Fusarium sp., Curvularia sp., and Pestalotiopsis sp., leaf spots: Collected at a skating rink in Titusville, Brevard County (15 July 1994, K. Garrett-Kraus and M. Peacock, P94-2849). NEW HOST RECORDS.
Vitis rotundifolia (muscadine grape)-- Cristulariella moricola (Hino) Redhead, leaf blight: Collected at an airport in Titusville, Brevard County (27 June 1994, M. Peacock, P94-2622). NEW HOST RECORD.
--Same leaf blight collected at a nursery in Gainesville, Alachua County (30 July 1994, Ramsey, P94- 3007).
